← Jake LiColumbia Space Initiative · Propulsion Fluids · Sep 2024 to now02 / 09

Work/PID LOX Ball Valve

Replacing a bang-bang solenoid with a valve a controller can actually steer.

Jake's PID-driven ball valve for Columbia Space Initiative, cut open along the flow line. A brushless servo turns the ball through a splined coupler; an outer PID loop on tank pressure commands the ball angle and an inner loop drives the servo to it (the cascaded control he planned), holding the LOX tank at 450 psi against a 4.5 ksi supply.

Overview

A solenoid valve is open or shut. To throttle liquid oxygen into the combustion chamber the team needed a valve whose flow tracks a command, so a PID loop can hold the tank where it should be.

Tools

  • Python
  • PID
  • BLDC
  • CAD
  • simulation
When
Sep 2024 to now
Where
Columbia Space Initiative · Propulsion Fluids
Role
Propulsion Fluids Member
4.5 ksiupstream pressure simulated
450 psiLOX tank pressure held
2 loopscascaded control planned

valve.

A ball valve on a brushless motor, steered by PID.

Finalized a PID operated ball valve, driven by a brushless motor, to control LOX flow in place of the solenoid valve.

Ran simulations to check the valve against 4.5 ksi upstream while maintaining the LOX tank's 450 psi internal pressure.

Section view of the valve, coupler and actuator stem
section view
Actuated quarter-turn ball valve CAD
ball valve CAD
Cutaway of the splined coupler
coupler cutaway

control.

Linear flow keeps one set of gains good across the whole stroke.

Modified the valve so flow is as linear as possible in angle, which keeps the PID's gains valid across the whole stroke.

Planned cascaded control: a secondary loop nested inside the primary PID.

Insert with a triangular drive
insert

analysis.

The numbers behind the fit and the flow.

Wrote the Python analysis of LOX flow nonlinearities, turbulence and thermal contraction, including the interference-fit contact pressure for the insert.

Python for interference-fit contact pressure
fit analysis in Python